s mutans atcc 25175 s mitis  (ATCC)

Journal: Frontiers in Oral Health

Article Title: Antimicrobial potential of bioactive resin composites in caries management: a systematic review of in vitro studies

doi: 10.3389/froh.2025.1625977

Figure Lengend Snippet: Summary of results from the eight studies included in this systematic review.

Article Snippet: Bilgili et al. 2020 ( ) , To evaluate the S. mutans and S. mitis adhesion and related surface properties of bulk-fill resin composite. , S. mutans ATCC 25175 S. mitis , Beautifil Bulk (BE) , Sonic Fill 2 (KSF) Filtek Bulk Fill (FBF) Admira FusionX-tra (AFX) , No difference in adhesion to the materials overall. However, greater adhesion of S. mitis was observed, with adhesion being higher in the KSF group. , A higher number of dead bacteria were observed on the surfaces of FBF and BE..

Techniques: Control, Bacteria

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biofilm adherence levels of S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates, in pure and mixed cultures.

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Absorbance values of crystal violet assay with single-species and multispecies biofilms (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) produced by S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2 and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates, plotted over time. OD 600 readings were taken after 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 h. The experiments were performed in triplicate with independent cultures, and statistical significance was examined by the two-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni correction. Results are indicated as means ± SDs. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (*** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Crystal Violet Assay, Produced

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantitative evaluation of effects of myrtle and pomegranate polyphenolic extracts, used individually and in binary combinations, against S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 biofilms.

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effect of myrtle and pomegranate polyphenolic extracts, used individually and in binary combinations, on single-species and multispecies biofilm formation by S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates. Figure shows the inhibition percentage values of S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 in single-species and multispecies biofilm (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) detected, in the presence of sub-MIC (1/4 MIC and 1/2 MIC), MIC, and over-MIC (2 and 4 MIC) concentrations of myrtle leaf 50% hydroethanolic extract (MLE) (A) ; pomegranate peel 50% hydroethanolic extract (PPE) (B) ; myrtle leaf 50% hydroethanolic extract in combination with pomegranate peel 50% hydroethanolic extract (MLE + PPE) added in a 1:1 ratio (C) . The experiments were performed in triplicate with independent cultures, and statistical significance was examined by the two-way ANOVA test with Dunnett correction. Results are indicated as means ± SDs. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01;*** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Inhibition

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biofilm eradication activity of myrtle and pomegranate polyphenolic extracts, also in binary combination, on single - species and multispecies mature biofilms of S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates. Figure shows the disruption percentage values of S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates in single and multispecies biofilms (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) detected in the presence of MBIC and over-MBIC (2 MBIC, 3 MBIC, and 4 MBIC) concentrations of myrtle leaf 50% hydroethanolic extract (MLE) (A) ; pomegranate peel 50% hydroethanolic extract (PPE) (B) ; myrtle leaf 50% hydroethanolic extract in combination with pomegranate peel 50% hydroethanolic extract (MLE + PPE) added in a 1:1 ratio (C) . The experiments were performed in triplicate with independent cultures, and statistical significance was examined by the two-way ANOVA test with Dunnett correction. Results are indicated as means ± SDs. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (* p < 0.05; **** p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Disruption

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Light microscopy images of mature S. mutans ATCC 25175 (A) , S. oralis SO1 (B) , S. mitis SM2 (C) , R. dentocariosa RD1 (D) , and multispecies (E) biofilms (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) grown with and without treatment with myrtle extract in binary combination with pomegranate extract. Crystal violet staining; MLE + PPE, myrtle leaf 50% ethanolic extracts in binary combination with pomegranate peel 50% ethanolic extracts (1:1 ratio).

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Light Microscopy, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fluorescence microscopy images of mature S. mutans ATCC 25175 (A) , S. oralis SO1 (B) , S. mitis SM2 (C) , R. dentocariosa RD1 (D) , and multispecies (E) biofilms (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) grown with and without treatment with myrtle extract in binary combination with pomegranate extract. PI staining; MLE + PPE, myrtle leaf 50% ethanolic extract in binary combination with pomegranate peel 50% ethanolic extract (1:1 ratio). Relative fluorescence intensity of biofilm architecture in the S. mutans ATCC 25175 (A4), S. oralis SO1 (B4), S. mitis SM2 (C4), R. dentocariosa RD1 (D4) and multispecies (E4) biofilms is reported in arbitrary unit (a.u.). Data are expressed as mean ± SE. ** p < 0.001,* p < 0.05 compared to the control group.

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microscopy, Staining, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biofilm adherence levels of S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates, in pure and mixed cultures.

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Absorbance values of crystal violet assay with single-species and multispecies biofilms (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) produced by S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2 and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates, plotted over time. OD 600 readings were taken after 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 h. The experiments were performed in triplicate with independent cultures, and statistical significance was examined by the two-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni correction. Results are indicated as means ± SDs. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (*** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Crystal Violet Assay, Produced

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quantitative evaluation of effects of myrtle and pomegranate polyphenolic extracts, used individually and in binary combinations, against S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 biofilms.

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibitory effect of myrtle and pomegranate polyphenolic extracts, used individually and in binary combinations, on single-species and multispecies biofilm formation by S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates. Figure shows the inhibition percentage values of S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 in single-species and multispecies biofilm (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) detected, in the presence of sub-MIC (1/4 MIC and 1/2 MIC), MIC, and over-MIC (2 and 4 MIC) concentrations of myrtle leaf 50% hydroethanolic extract (MLE) (A) ; pomegranate peel 50% hydroethanolic extract (PPE) (B) ; myrtle leaf 50% hydroethanolic extract in combination with pomegranate peel 50% hydroethanolic extract (MLE + PPE) added in a 1:1 ratio (C) . The experiments were performed in triplicate with independent cultures, and statistical significance was examined by the two-way ANOVA test with Dunnett correction. Results are indicated as means ± SDs. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01;*** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Inhibition

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Biofilm eradication activity of myrtle and pomegranate polyphenolic extracts, also in binary combination, on single - species and multispecies mature biofilms of S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates. Figure shows the disruption percentage values of S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1 oral isolates in single and multispecies biofilms (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) detected in the presence of MBIC and over-MBIC (2 MBIC, 3 MBIC, and 4 MBIC) concentrations of myrtle leaf 50% hydroethanolic extract (MLE) (A) ; pomegranate peel 50% hydroethanolic extract (PPE) (B) ; myrtle leaf 50% hydroethanolic extract in combination with pomegranate peel 50% hydroethanolic extract (MLE + PPE) added in a 1:1 ratio (C) . The experiments were performed in triplicate with independent cultures, and statistical significance was examined by the two-way ANOVA test with Dunnett correction. Results are indicated as means ± SDs. Asterisks indicate statistical significance (* p < 0.05; **** p < 0.0001).

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Disruption

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Light microscopy images of mature S. mutans ATCC 25175 (A) , S. oralis SO1 (B) , S. mitis SM2 (C) , R. dentocariosa RD1 (D) , and multispecies (E) biofilms (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) grown with and without treatment with myrtle extract in binary combination with pomegranate extract. Crystal violet staining; MLE + PPE, myrtle leaf 50% ethanolic extracts in binary combination with pomegranate peel 50% ethanolic extracts (1:1 ratio).

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Light Microscopy, Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology

Article Title: Phytocompounds vs. Dental Plaque Bacteria: In vitro Effects of Myrtle and Pomegranate Polyphenolic Extracts Against Single-Species and Multispecies Oral Biofilms

doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.592265

Figure Lengend Snippet: Fluorescence microscopy images of mature S. mutans ATCC 25175 (A) , S. oralis SO1 (B) , S. mitis SM2 (C) , R. dentocariosa RD1 (D) , and multispecies (E) biofilms (1:1:1:1 ratio for each isolate) grown with and without treatment with myrtle extract in binary combination with pomegranate extract. PI staining; MLE + PPE, myrtle leaf 50% ethanolic extract in binary combination with pomegranate peel 50% ethanolic extract (1:1 ratio). Relative fluorescence intensity of biofilm architecture in the S. mutans ATCC 25175 (A4), S. oralis SO1 (B4), S. mitis SM2 (C4), R. dentocariosa RD1 (D4) and multispecies (E4) biofilms is reported in arbitrary unit (a.u.). Data are expressed as mean ± SE. ** p < 0.001,* p < 0.05 compared to the control group.

Article Snippet: MBIC values, which ranged between 10 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. oralis SO1 and S. mitis SM2) and 40 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) , were assigned to the lowest concentrations of antimicrobial agents required to inhibit the formation of biofilms, while MBEC values, assigned to the lowest concentration of each antimicrobial agent that is able to destroy (eradicate) preformed biofilms, ranged between 40 μg μl –1 (MLE + PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. oralis SO1, and S. mitis SM2) and 120 μg μl –1 (MLE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175 and R. dentocariosa RD1, together with PPE vs. S. mutans ATCC 25175, S. mitis SM2, and R. dentocariosa RD1) ( ).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Microscopy, Staining, Control